제 22 호 Do You Agree with AI Regulation?
Do You Agree with AI Regulation?
by Ji-Min Baek, Editor-in-chief
The SM Herald has consistently covered and mentioned issues related to Artificial Intelligence (AI), such as AI and copyright, and ChatGPT, in articles. As widely acknowledged, the development of AI encompasses both positive and negative aspects. Advances in AI can improve productivity and create new contents, but this involves complex legal dilemmas, particularly concerning job displacement and copyright infringement. As a result, the EU has enacted the AI Act with problems related to AI and new measures to protect copyrights. This AI Act is about AI regulation, and this article is going to deal with the regulatory Act on AI.
Image by <a href="https://pixabay.com/users/tungnguyen0905-17946924/?utm_source=link-attribution&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=image&utm_content=7111802">Tung Nguyen</a> from <a href="https://pixabay.com//?utm_source=link-attribution&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=image&utm_content=7111802">Pixabay</a>
Emerging Concerns about the Advancement of AI
Apprehensions regarding AI technology are surfacing across various sectors. For instance, there is a concern that AI will dominate human society while surpassing human capabilities. There is also apprehension regarding that human labor can be replaced by machines as the way they work changes due to the development of AI. Moreover, there are concerns about copyright infringement caused by AI learning and creating.
A related example was the strike of Hollywood writers and actors in the United States. It happened with concerns about the possibility that AI could replace the roles of human creators, as the jobs of actors and voice actors were virtually threatened by using deepfake technology and Generative AI. In addition, as AI learned existing works and wrote scripts with a few keywords in a short time, it led to a strike by writers as it could cause problems with writer’s creativity, copyright infringement, and job substitution. Recently, lawsuits related to AI and copyright issues have been increasing in the United States, but legal solutions have not yet been found. The advancement of AI has advantages such as improving productivity and creating new forms of content, but it also entails complex legal dilemmas related to job displacement and copyright infringement.
About the EU AI Act
The EU AI Act represents the world’s first AI legislation. Striking a balance between the potential risks and benefits of AI, this regulatory law aims to mitigate adverse effects while fostering the development and deployment of safe and reliable AI. The Act assesses the risk level of AI and imposes duties and responsibilities into four categories: Unacceptable Risk, High-risk, Limited risk, Low or minimal risk. This is a risk-based regulatory method, and Unacceptable Risk AI, which is concerned about restricting EU basic human rights and infringement of values, is prohibited. High-risk, which is concerned about safety and basic rights, Limited risk AI, such as deepfakes and chatbots must comply with transparency obligations, and general AI is classified as minimal risk.
The Act established separate regulations for general purpose AI (GPAI), such as chatGPT. Companies must disclose the sources and data processing methods used to learn AI. Failure to comply may result in fines of up to 35 million euros or 7% of the company's previous year's revenue. In addition, technical documentation of the GPAI model should be prepared, and related information and documentation to supply to downstream providers should be provided. It is necessary to establish a policy to respect the Copyright Directive and publish a sufficiently detailed summary about the content used for training.
As AI technology advances, various side effects have occurred, and Korea, the United States, and China, have tried to regulate AI, but it has never been legally binding like the EU. Since the AI regulations and penalties stipulated by the EU AI Act are quite strict, it is questionable whether they can be applied well in reality. Regarding the regulation of AI, the two opinions have been largely opposed to the regulation due to the impediment to technological advancement and the approval of the regulation that copyright and human protection are important. In the end, achieving a balance between these viewpoints will be crucial. What is your opinion on whether these regulations will become the right path to the development of artificial intelligence and will be activated or hinder the development of AI? Do you think it is necessary to regulate AI to do that?
Sources:
https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=6716784&cid=42107&categoryId=42107
https://blog.naver.com/kcc_press/223434463091
https://www.ddaily.co.kr/page/view/2024042616490221575
https://blog.naver.com/kcc_press/223434475206
https://www.g-enews.com/ko-kr/news/article/news_all/202402161658391211ea588b1547_1/article.html
https://it.chosun.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=2023092111987
